1. Non-custodial model
Ti does not hold user assets. Before and after a transaction, users’ stablecoins sit in their own wallets; only while a transaction executes do they pass through the router, bridge and destination receiver contracts, on the terms the user signed. Swaps and transfers start only from a transaction the user signs. Ti never receives or stores a user’s private key or seed phrase, and it does not deposit or lend user assets anywhere. Under this model, user assets are not tied up in Ti even if the Ti service stops. All users need to access their assets at any time is their wallet.2. The stablecoin regulatory landscape
Stablecoin regulation in major markets has been put in place step by step since 2023.Stablecoin regulation · 2023–2027
When stablecoin rules arrived in major markets
PastAhead or pendingToday
| Date | Jurisdiction | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-06-01 | Japan | Amended Payment Services Act in force |
| 2024-06-30 | European Union | MiCA stablecoin rules apply |
| 2025-07-18 | United States | GENIUS Act signed |
| 2025-08-01 | Hong Kong | Stablecoins Ordinance in force |
| 2025-10-27 | Japan | JPYC launches |
| 2026-04-10 | Hong Kong | First issuer licences |
| 2026-10-21 | United States | OCC finalizes rules |
| 2027-01-18 | United States | Takes effect by |
| — | South Korea | Digital Asset Basic Act under discussion |
Source: the table in Section 15.2 and its footnotes — GENIUS Act and the OCC, MiCA (EU 2023/1114), Japan FSA, The Block (JPYC), HKMA, CoinDesk (South Korea)
Figure 36. Stablecoin rules have taken effect market by market since Japan’s in 2023; the U.S. GENIUS Act takes effect by January 18, 2027 at the latest, and South Korea has yet to legislate.
Among the stablecoins Ti supports, USDC, EURC and JPYC come from issuers regulated under these frameworks. When Ti adds a stablecoin, it reviews the issuer’s regulatory status, reserve disclosures and redemption structure, and it adjusts the scope of support as the regulatory environment changes. Each stablecoin issuer can freeze its own token at specific addresses. This power belongs to the issuer, and Ti cannot change it.

